Philip VI of France

The Truce of Calais was agreed by King Edward III of England and King Philip VI of France (depicted) on 28 September 1347. After ten years of war both countries were financially and militarily exhausted and Pope Clement VI brokered a truce, to run until 7 July 1348. The Black Death caused the truce to be renewed in 1348, 1349 and 1350. The truce effectively restricted fighting, but did not stop repeated naval clashes nor much fighting on a smaller scale. In 1351 the truce was renewed for one year but in January 1352 full-scale fighting broke out again. On 6 April 1354 a new truce and an outline of a permanent peace treaty were agreed as the Treaty of Guînes. However, King John II of France then decided on an ambitious series of offensives for the 1355 campaigning season and repudiated the treaty. Yet another extension to the Truce of Calais was agreed, until 24 June, when it finally expired. The war resumed in force in October 1355. (This article is part of a featured topic: Hundred Years' War, 1345–1347.)

Tulainyo Lake

• ... that in 1937, water from Tulainyo Lake (pictured) was carried by runner, horseback, donkey, covered wagon, twenty-mule team, stagecoach, train, car, and plane to Death Valley to mark a highway opening?
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Isaac Smith

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