Overview of the events of 1905 in science
The year 1905 in science and technology involved some significant events, particularly in physics, listed below.
Astronomy
Biology
Chemistry
Mathematics
Paleontology
Physics
Albert Einstein (at this time resident in Bern ) completes his doctoral thesis, A New Determination of Molecular Dimensions [5] on April 30, submitting it to the University of Zurich on July 30, and publishes his four Annus Mirabilis papers in Annalen der Physik (Leipzig). Because of this, 1905 is said to be the miraculous year for physics , and its 100th anniversary (2005 ) is declared the World Year of Physics .
"On a Heuristic Viewpoint Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light ", received March 18 and published June 9, explains the photoelectric effect through quantum mechanics .[6]
"Über die von der molekularkinetischen Theorie der Wärme geforderte Bewegung von in ruhenden Flüssigkeiten suspendierten Teilchen " ("On the Motion of Small Particles Suspended in a Stationary Liquid, as Required by the Molecular Kinetic Theory of Heat"), based on his doctoral research, received May 11 and published July 18, delineates a stochastic model of Brownian motion .[7]
"On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies", received June 30 and published September 26, formulates his theory of special relativity .[8]
"Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?", received September 27 and published November 21, deduces the law of mass–energy equivalence , E = mc ².[9]
Physiology and medicine
Psychology
Technology
Awards
Births
February 1 – Emilio G. Segrè (died 1989 ), physicist , Nobel laureate
February 17 – Rózsa Péter (died 1977 ), mathematician , "founding mother of recursive function theory "
February 23 – Derrick Henry Lehmer (died 1991 ), mathematician
March 18 – Thomas Townsend Brown (died 1985 ), American inventor
March 27 – Elsie MacGill (died 1980 ), aeronautical engineer , "Queen of the Hurricanes"
April 13 – Bruno Rossi (died 1993 ), physicist and astronomer
April 18 – George H. Hitchings (died 1998 ), scientist, Nobel laureate in Medicine
April 20 – Albrecht Unsöld (died 1995 ), astronomer
July 7 – Marie-Louise Dubreil-Jacotin (died 1972 ), mathematician
August 1 – Helen Sawyer Hogg (died 1993 ), astronomer
August 11 – Erwin Chargaff (died 2002 ), biochemist
August 16 – Marian Rejewski (died 1980 ), mathematician and cryptologist
August 31 – Robert Bacher (died 2004 ), nuclear physicist
September 3 – Carl David Anderson (died 1991 ), physicist, Nobel laureate
September 17 – Hans Freudenthal (died 1990 ), mathematician
September 22 – Eugen Sänger (died 1964 ), aerospace engineer
September 24 – Severo Ochoa (died 1993 ), biochemist, Nobel laureate
September 30 – Nevill Francis Mott (died 1996 ), physicist, Nobel laureate
October 15 – C. P. Snow (died 1980 ), physicist and novelist
October 22 – Karl Guthe Jansky (died 1950 ), physicist
October 22 – Albert Whitford (died 2002 ), astronomer
October 23 – Felix Bloch (died 1983 ), physicist , Nobel laureate
October 31 – Harry Harlow (died 1981 ), psychologist
November 10 – Louis Harold Gray (died 1965 ), English physicist, inventor of the field of radiobiology
December 7 – Gerard Kuiper (died 1973 ), astronomer
December 16 – Piet Hein (died 1996 ), mathematician
December 22 – Tommy Flowers (died 1998 ), computer engineer
Deaths
January 4 – Paul Henry (born 1848 ), astronomer
January 14 – Ernst Abbe (born 1840 ), physicist
March 24 – Jules Verne (born 1828 ), science fiction author
April 14 – Otto Wilhelm von Struve (born 1819 ), astronomer
June 18 – Per Teodor Cleve (born 1840 ), chemist
August 20 – Franz Reuleaux (born 1829 ), mechanical engineer
September 19 – Thomas Barnardo (born 1845 ), physician and philanthropist
October 6 – Ferdinand von Richthofen (born 1833 ), geologist
November 14 – Robert Whitehead (born 1823 ), marine engineer
November 15 (O.S. November 2) – Ivan Sechenov (born 1829), "the father of Russian physiology "
References
^ Umov, N. (1905). "Chromatische depolarisation durch Lichtzerstreuung". Physikalische Zeitschrift . 6 : 674–676.
^ "Optima and Limiting Factors". Annals of Botany .
^ a b "125 Years of Linde: A Chronicle" (PDF) . The Linde Group . 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-11-25. Retrieved 2011-12-31 .
^ Ritchie, J. Murdoch; Greene, Nicholas M. (1990). "Local Anesthetics". In Gilman, Alfred Goodman ; Rall, Theodore W.; Nies, Alan S.; Taylor, Palmer (eds.). Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (8th ed.). New York: Pergamon Press. p. 311. ISBN 0-08-040296-8 .
^ Einstein, A. (1906). "Eine neue Bestimmung der Moleküldimensionen" . Annalen der Physik . 19 (2): 289–306. doi :10.1002/andp.19063240204 . Originally submitted for journal publication August 19, 1905.
^ Einstein, A. (1905). "Über einen die Erzeugung und Verwandlung des Lichtes betreffenden heuristischen Gesichtspunkt" (PDF) . Annalen der Physik . 17 (6): 132–148. Bibcode :1905AnP...322..132E . doi :10.1002/andp.19053220607 . Retrieved 2017-01-15 .
^ Einstein, A. (1905). "Über die von der molekularkinetischen Theorie der Wärme geforderte Bewegung von in ruhenden Flüssigkeiten suspendierten Teilchen" (PDF) . Annalen der Physik . 17 (8): 549–560. Bibcode :1905AnP...322..549E . doi :10.1002/andp.19053220806 . Retrieved 2017-01-15 .
^ Einstein, A. (1905). "Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper" (PDF) . Annalen der Physik . 17 (10): 891–921. Bibcode :1905AnP...322..891E . doi :10.1002/andp.19053221004 . Retrieved 2017-01-15 .
^ Einstein, A. (1905). "Ist die Trägheit eines Körpers von seinem Energieinhalt abhängig?" (PDF) . Annalen der Physik . 18 (13): 639–641. Bibcode :1905AnP...323..639E . doi :10.1002/andp.19053231314 . Retrieved 2017-01-15 .
^ Booth, Jeremy (1977). "A short history of blood pressure measurement" . Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine . 70 (11): 793–9. PMC 1543468 . PMID 341169 .
^ Busch, R. (1990). "On the history of cystic fibrosis". Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Medica . Praha. 36 (1–4): 13–5. PMID 2130674 .
^ L'Année Psychologique .
^ Graves, Clifford L. (May 1965). "Velocio, Grand Seigneur" . The Best of Bicycling . Retrieved 2012-05-24 .
^ Nahin, Paul J. (2001). The Science of Radio (2nd ed.). New York: AIP Press. p. 91. ISBN 0-387-95150-4 .
^ "Radio/Broadcasting Timeline" . CBN History . WCBN. Retrieved 2019-10-22 .
^ Clarke, Mike (2009-01-05). "A Brief History of Movable Bridges" . Retrieved 2012-02-09 .