Director-General of the World Trade Organization

Director-General of the World Trade Organization
Incumbent
Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala
since 1 March 2021
World Trade Organization
StyleMadam Director-General
(informal)
Her Excellency
(diplomatic)
StatusChief Administrative Officer
Reports toGeneral Council
SeatCentre William Rappard, Geneva, Switzerland
AppointerGeneral Council
Term lengthFour years, renewable
Constituting instrumentWTO Organization Chart
Formation1 January 1995
First holderPeter Sutherland
DeputyDeputy Director-Generals
Websitewww.wto.org

The director-general of the World Trade Organization is the officer of the World Trade Organization (WTO) responsible for supervising and directing the organization's administrative operations. Since the World Trade Organization's decisions are made by member states, either through a Ministerial Conference or through the General Council, the director-general has little power over matters of policy – the role is primarily advisory and managerial in nature. The director-general supervises the WTO secretariat of about 700 staff and is appointed by WTO members for a term of four years.

The post of Director-General had been vacant since 31 August 2020, after the resignation of Roberto Azevêdo of Brazil who had held the post since 1 September 2013. On February 5, 2021, Dr. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala of Nigeria secured the support of the United States for Director-General of the WTO. Okonjo-Iweala assumed office on 1 March 2021, and became both the first woman and the first African to hold this position.

Before the formation of the WTO, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) had a series of directors-general. Peter Sutherland was the last director-general of GATT and the first of the WTO.

List of directors-general

This is a list of former holders of the office of Director-General. The post was created in 1995, although the earlier office of Executive Secretary is often seen as a direct equivalent.

No. Portrait Name and dates Term Home country
Start End
1
Peter Sutherland
(1946–2018)
1 July 1993 30 April 1995 Republic of Ireland Ireland
2
Renato Ruggiero
(1930–2013)
1 May 1995 31 August 1999 Italy Italy
3
Mike Moore
(1949–2020)
1 September 1999 31 August 2002 New Zealand New Zealand
4
Supachai Panitchpakdi
(born 1946)
1 September 2002 31 August 2005 Thailand Thailand
5
Pascal Lamy
(born 1947)
1 September 2005 31 August 2009 France France
1 September 2009 31 August 2013
6
Roberto Azevêdo
(born 1957)
1 September 2013 31 August 2017 Brazil Brazil
1 September 2017 31 August 2020
7
Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala
(born 1954)
1 March 2021
Incumbent
Nigeria Nigeria

2020 director-general selection

In May 2020, Director-General Azevedo announced that he would step down on 31 August 2020, a year before his mandate was due to expire. On 17 August 2020, human rights organizations urged the member nations to reject the nomination of Saudi Arabia's Mohammad Al-Tuwaijri, citing the country's poor human rights records.

General Council Chair David Walker initiated a process of consultation with members from 7 September 2020 onwards, through which the field of candidates was gradually reduced until an appointment was to be made. Eight candidates were put forward by WTO member governments to succeed Azevedo.

The final selection required a consensus of the 164 member countries and was expected to take place in November, 2020. However, due to "the health situation and current events" the meeting was postponed.

List of candidates
Country Name Notes Ref.
Nigeria Nigeria Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala Former Managing Director of the World Bank, Finance Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs
Withdrawn on 5 February 2021 after consultation with major countries such as the United States
South Korea South Korea Yoo Myung-hee Minister for Trade of South Korea
Withdrawn on 6 October 2020 after the second round of consultations
Kenya Kenya Amina C. Mohamed Cabinet Secretary for Sports, Heritage and Culture in Kenya
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia Mohammad Al-Tuwaijri Minister ranked advisor at the Royal Court, ex-minister of Economy and Planning
United Kingdom United Kingdom Liam Fox Former Secretary of State for International Trade and Secretary of State for Defence in the UK
Withdrawn on 18 September 2020 after the first round of consultations
Mexico Mexico Jesús Seade Kuri Undersecretary for North America for the Mexican Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Egypt Egypt Abdel-Hamid Mamdouh Negotiator for Egypt and senior WTO official
Moldova Moldova Tudor Ulianovschi Former Foreign Minister of Moldova

This page was last updated at 2023-12-23 18:10 UTC. Update now. View original page.

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