Empress of China (1783)

History
United States
NameEmpress of China
BuilderMr. John Peck, Boston, U.S.
Launched1783
General characteristics
Tons burthen360 tons
Sail planFull-rigged ship
Complement34
Armament4 × 6-pounder guns

Empress of China, also known as Chinese Queen, was a three-masted, square-rigged sailing ship of 360 tons, initially built in 1783 for service as a privateer. After the Treaty of Paris brought a formal end to the American Revolutionary War, the vessel was refitted for commercial purposes. She became the first American ship to sail from the newly independent United States to China, opening what is known today as the Old China Trade and transporting the first official representative of the American government to Canton.

First voyage

The first American merchant vessel to enter Chinese waters left New York harbor on Washington's birthday, February 22, 1784. The Empress returned to New York on May 11, 1785 after a round voyage of 14 months and 24 days. The success of the voyage encouraged others to invest in further trading with China. President Washington bought a set of Chinese porcelain tableware from the ship.

The ship's captain John Green (1736–1796) was a former U.S. naval officer, its two business agents (supercargos), Samuel Shaw (1754–1794) and Thomas Randall (1723–1797), were former officers in the U.S. Continental Army, and its syndicate of owners, including Robert Morris (1734–1806) were some of the richest men in the new nation.

Legacy

  • In 1986, China minted a silver 5-yuan to commemorate the voyage of the Empress

See also


This page was last updated at 2023-03-21 06:02 UTC. Update now. View original page.

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