Escaut (department) (Redirected from Escaut (département))

Department of Escaut
Département de l'Escaut (fr)
Departement Schelde (nl)
1795–1814
Flag of Escaut
Escaut and other annexed departments
Escaut and other annexed departments
StatusDepartment of the French First Republic and the French First Empire
Chef-lieuGhent
51°3′N 3°44′E / 51.050°N 3.733°E / 51.050; 3.733
Official languagesFrench
Common languagesDutch
Historical eraFrench Revolutionary Wars
• Creation
1 October 1795
• Treaty of Paris, disestablished
30 May 1814
Area
18123,570 km2 (1,380 sq mi)
Population
• 1789
583,059
• 1799
594,617
• 1800
602,072
• 1812
636,438
Preceded by Succeeded by
County of Flanders
Staats-Vlaanderen
East Flanders
Today part of

Escaut (French pronunciation: ​[ɛsko], Dutch: Schelde) was a department of the French First Republic and French First Empire in present-day Belgium and Netherlands. It was named after the river Scheldt (Escô, Schelde), which is called the Escaut in French. It was created on 1 October 1795, when the Austrian Netherlands and the Prince-Bishopric of Liège were officially annexed by the French Republic. Before annexation by France, its territory was part of the County of Flanders and the Dutch Republic (Staats-Vlaanderen).

The Chef-lieu of the department was Ghent (Gand in French). The department was subdivided into the following four arrondissements and cantons (as of 1812):

After Napoleon was defeated in 1814, the department became part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. Its territory corresponded with the present Belgian province of East Flanders and the Dutch region of Zeelandic Flanders.

Administration

Prefects

The Prefect was the highest state representative in the department.

Term start Term end Office holder
2 March 1800 18 September 1808 Guillaume Charles Faipoult de Maisoncelles
18 September 1808 12 March 1813 Frédéric-Christophe d'Houdetot
12 March 1813 23 March 1813 Jean François Marie Delaître
23 March 1813 30 May 1814 Napoléon Jean-Évangéliste Desmousseaux de Givré

General Secretaries

The General Secretary was the deputy to the Prefect.

Term start Term end Office holder
23 May 1800 1 January 1801 Étienne Lehodey de Saultchevreuil
3 January 1801 5 July 1803 Claude Joachim Gréban de Saint Germain
?? ?? 1805 30 May 1814 P. Tinel

Subprefects of Andenarde

Term start Term end Office holder
1 May 1800 15 January 1809 Constantin Beyens
15 January 1809 30 May 1814 Joseph Charles Emmanuel Van Ertborn

Subprefects of Eccloo

This subprefecture was created in 1803, replacing Sas-de-Gand.

Term start Term end Office holder
24 September 1803 30 May 1814 André Etienne Bazenerye

Subprefects of Gand

Until 1811, the Prefect also held the office of Subprefect of Gand.

Term start Term end Office holder
14 January 1811 30 May 1814 Pierre Louis Joseph Servais van Gobbelschroy

Subprefects of Sas-de-Gand

This subprefecture was replaced by Eccloo in 1803.

Term start Term end Office holder
1 June 1800 15 September 1800 Aubert
15 September 1800 26 November 1802 Robert
26 November 1802 14 January 1803 François Pierre Eversdyck
14 January 1803 24 September 1803 André Etienne Bazenerye

Subprefects of Termonde

Term start Term end Office holder
1 May 1800 30 May 1814 Alexandre François Devos d’Ersele

This page was last updated at 2022-09-09 04:13 UTC. Update now. View original page.

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