Gerindra Party
Great Indonesia Movement Party Partai Gerakan Indonesia Raya | |
---|---|
General Chairman | Prabowo Subianto |
Secretary-General | Ahmad Muzani |
Founded | 6 February 2008 |
Split from | Golkar |
Headquarters | Jakarta |
Youth wing | TIDAR (Great Indonesia Bud) |
Women's wing | PIRA (Great Indonesia Women) |
Muslim wing | GEMIRA (Great Indonesia Muslim Movement) |
Christian wing | GEKIRA (Great Indonesia Christian Movement) |
Hindu-Buddhist wing | GEMA SADHANA (Sanatana Dharma Nusantara Society Movement) |
Membership (2022) | 498,963 |
Ideology | Pancasila Indonesian nationalism Anti-communism National conservatism Right-wing populism |
Political position | Right-wing Before 2012: Syncretic |
National affiliation | Onward Indonesia Coalition Advanced Indonesia Coalition |
Ballot number | 2 |
DPR seats | 78 / 575 |
DPRD I seats | 288 / 2,232 |
DPRD II seats | 1,970 / 17,340 |
Website | |
gerindra | |
The Gerindra Party (acronym for Gerakan Indonesia Raya, lit. 'Great Indonesia Movement') is a nationalist, right-wing populist political party in Indonesia. With 78 seats, it is currently the third-largest party in the House of Representatives (DPR). Formed in 2008, Gerindra serves as the political vehicle for former general Prabowo Subianto's presidential aspiration.
Gerindra first participated in the 2009 legislative election, securing 26 seats in the DPR. In the presidential election, Prabowo ran as the vice-presidential candidate for Megawati Soekarnoputri of PDI-P, but they were defeated by the incumbent president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. Gerindra then became the opposition to the Yudhoyono administration.
Gerindra placed third in the 2014 legislative election, and Prabowo ran with Hatta Rajasa against Joko Widodo in the presidential election, but they lost. Gerindra once again became the opposition to Jokowi's administration, but it joined the government coalition after the 2019 presidential election.
History
After coming last in Golkar's presidential convention on 21 April 2004, Prabowo served as a member of Golkar's Advisory Board until his resignation on 12 July 2008. Gerindra was formed on 6 February 2008 at the suggestion of Prabowo's younger brother, Hashim Djojohadikusumo, who helped pay for party's prime-time TV advertising campaign. Prabowo was appointed chairman of the party's Founding Board.
Gerindra's provincial level election teams were formed in February 2009. The party then claimed a membership of approximately 15 million, with its support base coming from across Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan and Sulawesi.
The party won 4.5% of the vote in the 2009 legislative election, and was awarded 26 seats in the People's Representative Council.
The Reform Star Party (PBR) was merged into Gerindra in February 2011.
In the national legislative election on 9 April 2014, the party's vote share jumped to 11.8%, making it the third-most popular party in Indonesia. Gerindra almost trebled the number of seats it won from 26 seats in 2009 to 73 seats in 2014.
Following the death of Gerindra chairman Suhardi on 28 August 2014, Prabowo was appointed general chairman on 20 September 2014.
Political identities
Ideology
The 2008 Law on Political Parties states that political parties are allowed to include specific characteristics that reflect their political aspirations, as long as they do not contradict Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. As per Articles 5 and 7 of its constitution and bylaws (AD/ART), Gerindra is founded on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, while its identity is rooted in nationalism, populism, religion, and social justice. In February 2019, the party's central board member Andre Rosiade described Gerindra as a "nationalist-religious" party. Outsider views on the party's political orientation vary. Academics and domestic observers classified Gerindra as a nationalist party, while their international counterparts described it as a secular party with hard nationalist stance or "militant nationalist" party. Tom Power disagrees with labeling Gerindra as a secular party and categorizes it as a "inclusivist-nationalist" party, due to its perceived willingness to compromise on Islamic political agendas. Its political leaning has been described as right-wing or right-wing populist.
Political positions
Gerindra follows a populist and nationalist economic platform, targeting the lower middle class such as farmers and fishers, though its supporters in the 2014 general election were disproportionately urban dwellers. In November 2019, Gerindra deputy chairman Fadli Zon said the party firmly rejects lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people. Gerindra's Twitter account said the party supports early efforts to prevent LGBT in the community and schools, by involving religious leaders and health experts.
In foreign policy, Prabowo has expressed a desire for closer diplomatic ties with China and India, while calling for distance from the West. He has proposed a peace plan to end the Russo-Ukrainian War, involving holding referendums in disputed areas between the two countries, which was subsequently condemned by Ukraine. In January 2022, Prabowo expressed openness to the normalization of Indonesia–Israel relations.
Wing organizations
Gerindra's wing organizations include:
- TIDAR (Tunas Indonesia Raya, Great Indonesia Bud)
- PIRA (Perempuan Indonesia Raya, Great Indonesia Woman)
- GEMIRA (Gerakan Muslim Indonesia Raya, Great Indonesia Muslim Movement)
- GEKIRA (Gerakan Kristiani Indonesia Raya, Great Indonesia Christian Movement); formerly named KIRA (Kristen Indonesia Raya, Great Indonesia Christians).
- GEMA SADHANA (Gerakan Masyarakat Sanathana Dharma Nusantara, Sanathana Dharma Nusantara Society Movement); for Hindus and Buddhists.
- PETIR (Persatuan Tionghoa Indonesia Raya, Great Indonesia Chinese Association)
Election results
Legislative election results
Election | Ballot number | Total seats won | Total votes | Share of votes | Outcome of election | Party leader |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | 5 | 26 / 560
|
4,642,795 | 4.46% | 26 seats, Opposition | Prabowo Subianto (Founding board chair) Suhardi (General chair) |
2014 | 6 | 73 / 560
|
14,760,371 | 11.81% | 47 seats, Opposition | Prabowo Subianto (Founding board chair) Suhardi (General chair) |
2019 | 2 | 78 / 575
|
17,594,839 | 12.57% | 5 seats, Opposition (until 2019) Governing Coalition (after 2019) |
Prabowo Subianto |
2024 | 2 | Prabowo Subianto |
Presidential election results
Election | Ballot number | Pres. candidate | Running mate | 1st round (Total votes) |
Share of votes | Outcome | 2nd round (Total votes) |
Share of votes | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | 1 | Megawati Sukarnoputri | Prabowo Subianto | 32,548,105 | 26.79% | Lost | |||
2014 | 1 | Prabowo Subianto | Hatta Rajasa | 62,576,444 | 46.85% | Lost | |||
2019 | 02 | Prabowo Subianto | Sandiaga Uno | 68,650,239 | 44.50% | Lost | |||
2024 | 02 | Prabowo Subianto | Gibran Rakabuming Raka |
Note: Bold text suggests the party's member, or a former member who was still active in the party by the time of his nomination.
- 2008 establishments in Indonesia
- Anti-communist parties
- Conservative parties in Indonesia
- Nationalist parties in Asia
- Pancasila political parties
- Political parties established in 2008
- Political parties in Indonesia
- Organizations that oppose LGBT rights in Indonesia
- Right-wing politics in Indonesia
- Right-wing populism in Indonesia
- Right-wing populist parties