Henslow's sparrow

Henslow's sparrow
Henslow's Sparrow (WORKS) (32593335156) (cropped).jpg
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Passerellidae
Genus: Centronyx
Species:
C. henslowii
Binomial name
Centronyx henslowii
(Audubon, 1829)
Subspecies
  • C. h. henslowii (Audubon, 1829) – western Henslow's sparrow
  • C. h. susurrans (Brewster, 1918) – eastern Henslow's sparrow
Ammodramus henslowii map.svg
Synonyms
  • Passerherbulus henslowii
  • Nemospiza henslowii susurrans
    Brewster, 1918
  • Ammodramus henslowii

Henslow's sparrow (Centronyx henslowii) is a passerine bird in the family Passerellidae. It was named by John James Audubon in honor of John Stevens Henslow. It was originally classified in the genus Emberiza and called Henslow's bunting.

Description

Adults have streaked brown upperparts with a light brown breast with streaks, a white belly and a white throat. They have a pale stripe on the crown with a dark stripe on each side, an olive face and neck, rust-coloured wings and a short dark forked tail.

Measurements:

  • Length: 4.3–5.1 in (11–13 cm)
  • Weight: 0.4–0.5 oz (11–14 g)
  • Wingspan: 6.3–7.9 in (16–20 cm)

Distribution and habitat

The range and numbers of this bird are decreasing, probably due to habitat loss of the grasslands that it depends on. However, it has heavily benefited from the Conservation Reserve Program formed by the United States Department of Agriculture, which has helped to stabilize its population. Following this, it was downlisted to Least Concern from Near Threatened in 2018.

The Texas population was solely known from a 105-acre (0.42 km2) brushfield near Houston and disappeared after devegetation due to industrial development in the 1980s. It was considered a distinct subspecies (P. h. houstonensis: Arnold, 1983) but is today considered to fall into the range of variation of the nominate subspecies (Browning, 1990). Likewise, the South Dakotan population formerly known as P. h. occidentalis has been synonymized with the nominate. The only remaining subspecies generally (but not universally) accepted are the eastern Henslow's sparrow and the western Henslow's sparrow, whose ranges are for the most part separated by the Appalachian Mountains.

Diet and behavior

These birds forage on the ground, mainly eating insects (including grasshoppers and beetles), berries, and seeds. Their song is a quick se-lick.

Breeding

Their breeding habitat is shrubby fields, often wet, in southern Canada, the northeastern United States, and the midwestern United States. In 2020, the Central Kentucky Audubon Society discovered that a population of Henslow's sparrows near a winery only needed 5 acres of grassy habitat to successfully breed (previous research had suggested at least 20 to 75 acres were necessary). The nest is a well-concealed open cup on or close to the ground in a grassy location; these birds often nest in small colonies. They migrate to marshes and open pine woods in the southeastern United States.


This page was last updated at 2022-12-08 03:18 UTC. Update now. View original page.

All our content comes from Wikipedia and under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.


Top

If mathematical, chemical, physical and other formulas are not displayed correctly on this page, please useFirefox or Safari