Date
January 4 is the fourth day of the year in the Gregorian calendar . 361 days remain until the end of the year (362 in leap years ).
Events
46 BC – Julius Caesar fights Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina .[1]
871 – Battle of Reading : Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasion army.[2]
1649 – English Civil War: The Rump Parliament votes to put Charles I on trial.[3]
1717 – The Netherlands , Great Britain , and France sign the Triple Alliance [4] in an attempt to maintain the Treaty of Utrecht ; Britain having signed a preliminary alliance with France on November 28 (November 17, 1716).
1762 – Great Britain declares war on Spain , thus entering the Seven Years' War .[5]
1798 – Constantine Hangerli arrives in Bucharest , Wallachia , as its new Prince , invested by the Ottoman Empire .[6]
1853 – After having been kidnapped and sold into slavery in the American South, Solomon Northup regains his freedom; his memoir Twelve Years a Slave later becomes a national bestseller.[7]
1854 – The McDonald Islands are discovered by Captain William McDonald aboard the Samarang .[8]
1863 – The New Apostolic Church , a Christian and chiliastic church, is established in Hamburg , Germany.[9]
1878 – Russo-Turkish War (1877–78) : Sofia is liberated from Ottoman rule [10] and designated the capital of Liberated Bulgaria .
1884 – The Fabian Society is founded in London, United Kingdom.[11]
1885 – Sino-French War : French troops under General Oscar de Négrier defeat a numerically superior Qing force at Núi Bop in northern Vietnam.[12]
1896 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state .[13]
1903 – Topsy , an elephant , is electrocuted by the owners of Luna Park, Coney Island . The Edison film company records the film Electrocuting an Elephant of Topsy's death.[14]
1912 – The Scout Association is incorporated throughout the British Empire by royal charter .[15]
1918 – The Finnish Declaration of Independence is recognized by Russia, Sweden, Germany and France.[16]
1944 – World War II : Operation Carpetbagger , involving the dropping of arms and supplies to resistance fighters in Europe, begins.[17]
1948 – Burma gains its independence from the United Kingdom becoming an independent republic,[18] named the Union of Burma , with Sao Shwe Thaik as its first President and U Nu its first Prime Minister.
1951 – Korean War : Chinese and North Korean forces capture Seoul .[19]
1956 – The Greek National Radical Union is formed by Konstantinos Karamanlis .[20]
1958 – Sputnik 1 , the first artificial Earth satellite, launched by the Soviet Union in 1957, falls to Earth from orbit.[21]
1959 – Luna 1 becomes the first spacecraft to reach the vicinity of the Moon .[22]
1972 – Rose Heilbron becomes the first female judge to sit at the Old Bailey in London, UK.[23]
1976 – The Troubles : The Ulster Volunteer Force shoots dead six Irish Catholic civilians in County Armagh , Northern Ireland. The next day, gunmen would shoot dead ten Protestant civilians nearby in retaliation.[24]
1987 – The Maryland train collision : An Amtrak train en route to Boston from Washington, D.C., collides with Conrail engines in Chase, Maryland , United States, killing 16 people.[25]
1989 – Second Gulf of Sidra incident : A pair of Libyan MiG-23 "Floggers" are shot down by a pair of US Navy F-14 Tomcats during an air-to-air confrontation.[26]
1990 – In Pakistan's deadliest train accident an overloaded passenger train collides with an empty freight train , resulting in 307 deaths and 700 injuries.[27]
1998 – A massive ice storm hits eastern Canada and the northeastern United States, continuing through January 10 and causing widespread destruction.[28]
1999 – Former professional wrestler Jesse Ventura is sworn in as governor of Minnesota , United States.[29]
2004 – Spirit , a NASA Mars rover , lands successfully on Mars at 04:35 UTC .[30]
2004 – Mikheil Saakashvili is elected President of Georgia following the November 2003 Rose Revolution .[31]
2006 – Ehud Olmert becomes acting Prime Minister of Israel after the incumbent, Ariel Sharon , suffers a second, apparently more serious stroke.[32]
2007 – The 110th United States Congress convenes, electing Nancy Pelosi as the first female Speaker of the House in U.S. history.[33]
2010 – The Burj Khalifa , the current tallest building in the world, officially opens in Dubai .[34]
2013 – A gunman kills eight people in a house-to-house rampage in Kawit, Cavite, Philippines .[35]
2018 – Hennenman–Kroonstad train crash : A passenger train operated by Shosholoza Meyl collides with a truck on a level crossing at Geneva Station between Hennenman and Kroonstad , Free State, South Africa. Twenty people are killed and 260 injured.[36]
Births
659 – Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (d.680)[37] [38]
1077 – Emperor Zhezong of China (d. 1100)[39]
1334 – Amadeus VI, Count of Savoy (d. 1383)[40]
1467 – Bodo VIII, Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode (d. 1538)[41]
1581 – James Ussher , Irish archbishop and historian (d. 1656)[42]
1643 – Isaac Newton , English mathematician and physicist (d. 1727)[43]
1654 – Lars Roberg , Swedish physician and academic (d. 1742)[44]
1672 – Hugh Boulter , English-Irish archbishop (d. 1742)[45]
1710 – Giovanni Battista Pergolesi , Italian composer, violinist, and organist (d. 1736)[46]
1720 – Johann Friedrich Agricola , German organist and composer (d. 1774)[47]
1785 – Jacob Grimm , German philologist and mythologist (d. 1863)[48]
1809 – Louis Braille , French educator, invented Braille (d. 1852)[49]
1813 – Isaac Pitman , English linguist and educator (d. 1897)[50]
1832 – George Tryon , English admiral (d. 1893)[51]
1838 – General Tom Thumb , American circus performer (d. 1883)[52]
1839 – Carl Humann , German archaeologist, architect, and engineer (d. 1896)[53]
1848 – Katsura Tarō , Japanese general and politician, 6th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1913)[54]
1858 – Carter Glass , American publisher and politician, 47th United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 1946)[55]
1864 – Clara Emilia Smitt , Swedish doctor and author (d. 1928)[56]
1869 – Tommy Corcoran , American baseball player and umpire (d. 1960)[57]
1874 – Josef Suk , Czech violinist and composer (d. 1935)[58]
1877 – Marsden Hartley , American painter and poet (d. 1943)[59]
1878 – A. E. Coppard , English poet and short story writer (d. 1957)[60]
1878 – Augustus John , Welsh painter and illustrator (d. 1961)[61]
1881 – Wilhelm Lehmbruck , German sculptor (d. 1919)[62]
1883 – Max Eastman , American author and poet (d. 1969)[63]
1883 – Johanna Westerdijk , Dutch pathologist and academic (d. 1961)[64]
1884 – Guy Pène du Bois , American painter, critic, and educator (d. 1958)[65]
1889 – M. Patanjali Sastri , Indian lawyer and jurist, 2nd Chief Justice of India (d. 1963)[66]
1891 – Edward Brooker , English-Australian sergeant and politician, 31st Premier of Tasmania (d. 1948)[67]
1895 – Leroy Grumman , American engineer and businessman, co-founded Grumman Aeronautical Engineering Co. (d. 1982)[68]
1896 – Everett Dirksen , American politician (d. 1969)[69]
1896 – André Masson , French painter and illustrator (d. 1987)[70]
1897 – Chen Cheng , Chinese politician, Vice President of the Republic of China (d. 1965)[71]
1900 – James Bond , American ornithologist and zoologist (d. 1989)[72]
1901 – C. L. R. James , Trinidadian journalist and theorist (d. 1989)[73]
1902 – John A. McCone , American businessman and politician, 6th Director of Central Intelligence (d. 1991)[74]
1905 – Sterling Holloway , American actor (d. 1992)[75]
1913 – Malietoa Tanumafili II , Samoan ruler (d. 2007)[76]
1916 – Lionel Newman , American pianist and composer (d. 1989)[77]
1916 – Robert Parrish , American actor and director (d. 1995)[78]
1920 – William Colby , American intelligence officer, 10th Director of Central Intelligence (d. 1996)[79]
1924 – Marianne Werner , German shot putter[80]
1925 – Veikko Hakulinen , Finnish skier and technician (d. 2003)[81]
1927 – Paul Desmarais , Canadian businessman and philanthropist (d. 2013)[82]
1927 – Barbara Rush , American actress[83]
1929 – Günter Schabowski , German journalist and politician (d. 2015)[84]
1930 – Sorrell Booke , American actor and director (d. 1994)[85]
1930 – Don Shula , American football player and coach (d. 2020)[86]
1931 – William Deane , Australian judge and politician, 22nd Governor-General of Australia [87]
1931 – Nora Iuga , Romanian poet, writer and translator[88]
1931 – Coşkun Özarı , Turkish footballer and coach (d. 2011)
1932 – Clint Hill , American secret service agent and author
1932 – Carlos Saura , Spanish director and screenwriter[89]
1934 – Rudolf Schuster , Slovak politician, 2nd President of Slovakia [90]
1935 – Floyd Patterson , American boxer (d. 2006)[91]
1937 – Grace Bumbry , American operatic soprano[92]
1937 – Dyan Cannon , American actress, director, producer, and screenwriter[93]
1940 – , Chinese novelist, playwright, and critic, Nobel Prize laureate[94]
1940 – Brian Josephson , Welsh physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate[95]
1941 – George P. Cosmatos , Italian-Canadian director and screenwriter (d. 2005)[96]
1941 – Kalpnath Rai , Indian politician (d. 1999)[97]
1942 – Bolaji Akinyemi , Nigerian political scientist, academic, and politician[98]
1942 – Jim Downing , American race car driver and inventor[99]
1942 – John McLaughlin , English guitarist and songwriter[100]
1943 – Doris Kearns Goodwin , American historian and author[101]
1943 – Hwang Sok-yong , South Korean author and educator[102]
1944 – Gary Stevens , Australian rugby league player[103]
1944 – Alan Sutherland , New Zealand rugby player[104]
1945 – Richard R. Schrock , American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate[105]
1946 – Arthur Conley , American singer-songwriter (d. 2003)[106]
1947 – Chris Cutler , English percussionist, lyricist and music theorist[107]
1947 – Marie-Thérèse Letablier , French sociologist and academic[108]
1948 – Kostas Davourlis , Greek footballer (d. 1992)[109]
1948 – Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé , Malian civil servant and politician, Prime Minister of Mali
1949 – Mick Mills , English footballer and manager[110]
1950 – Khondakar Ashraf Hossain , Bangladesh poet and academic (d. 2013)[111]
1953 – Norberto Alonso , Argentinian footballer[112]
1954 – Rob Kerin , Australian politician, 43rd Premier of South Australia [113]
1954 – Tina Knowles , American fashion designer, founded House of Deréon [114]
1956 – Ann Magnuson , American actress and performance artist [115]
1956 – Zehava Gal-On , Israeli politician[116]
1956 – Bernard Sumner , English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer[117]
1957 – Patty Loveless , American singer-songwriter and guitarist[118]
1958 – Matt Frewer , American-Canadian actor[119]
1960 – Gavin Miller , Australian rugby league player[120]
1960 – Michael Stipe , American singer-songwriter and producer[121]
1961 – Sidney Green , American basketball player and coach[122]
1963 – Dave Foley , Canadian comedian, actor, director, and producer[123]
1963 – Martina Proeber , German diver[124]
1964 – Susan Devoy , New Zealand squash player[125]
1964 – Adrian Shelford , New Zealand rugby league player (d. 2003)[126]
1965 – Guy Forget , French tennis player[127]
1965 – Craig Revel Horwood , Australian-English dancer, choreographer, and director[128]
1965 – Julia Ormond , English actress and producer[129]
1966 – Deana Carter , American singer-songwriter and guitarist[130]
1967 – Johnny Nelson , English boxer and sportscaster[131]
1967 – David Toms , American golfer and philanthropist[132]
1967 – David Wilson , Australian rugby player[133]
1969 – Kees van Wonderen , Dutch footballer and manager[134]
1971 – Shane Walker , Australian rugby league player[135]
1971 – Colin Ward , Australian rugby league player[136]
1973 – Frank Høj , Danish cyclist[137]
1974 – Danilo Hondo , German cyclist[138]
1975 – Shane Carwin , American mixed martial artist and wrestler[139]
1975 – Paul Watson , English footballer and physiotherapist[140]
1976 – Ted Lilly , American baseball player[141]
1978 – Dominik Hrbatý , Slovak tennis player[142]
1979 – Shergo Biran , German footballer[143]
1979 – Tristan Gommendy , French race car driver[144]
1980 – Miguel Monteiro , Portuguese footballer[145]
1980 – Justin Ontong , South African cricketer[146]
1982 – Richard Logan , English footballer[147]
1982 – Danny Sullivan , Australian rugby league player[148]
1985 – Kari Aalvik Grimsbø , Norwegian handball player[149]
1985 – Gökhan Gönül , Turkish footballer[150]
1985 – Al Jefferson , American basketball player[151]
1986 – Younès Kaboul , French footballer[152]
1986 – Andrei Krauchanka , Belarusian decathlete[153]
1986 – James Milner , English footballer[154]
1987 – Kay Voser , Swiss footballer[155]
1988 – Anestis Argyriou , Greek footballer[156]
1988 – Maximilian Riedmüller , German footballer[157]
1989 – Graham Rahal , American race car driver[158]
1990 – Iago Falque , Spanish footballer[159]
1990 – Toni Kroos , German footballer[160]
1990 – Alberto Paloschi , Italian footballer[161]
1992 – Kris Bryant , American baseball player[162]
1994 – Derrick Henry , American football player[163]
1996 – Jackson Hastings , Australian rugby league player[164]
1997 – Ante Žižić , Croatian basketball player[165]
1998 – Liza Soberano , Filipina actress[166]
1999 – Nico Hischier , Swiss ice hockey player[167]
1999 – Jaeman Salmon , Australian rugby league player[168]
Deaths
871 – Æthelwulf , Saxon ealdorman [2]
874 – Hasan al-Askari , eleventh of the Twelve Imams (probable;[169] b. 846)
1248 – Sancho II of Portugal (b. 1209)[170]
1344 – Robert de Lisle, 1st Baron Lisle , English peer (b. 1288)[171]
1399 – Nicholas Eymerich , Catalan theologian and inquisitor[172]
1424 – Muzio Sforza , Italian condottiero[173]
1428 – Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (b. 1370)[174]
1584 – Tobias Stimmer , Swiss painter and illustrator (b. 1539)[175]
1604 – Ferenc Nádasdy , Hungarian noble (b. 1555)[176]
1695 – François-Henri de Montmorency, duc de Luxembourg , French general (b. 1628)[177]
1752 – Gabriel Cramer , Swiss mathematician and physicist (b. 1704)[178]
1761 – Stephen Hales , English clergyman and physiologist (b. 1677)[179]
1782 – Ange-Jacques Gabriel , French architect, designed École Militaire (b. 1698)[180]
1786 – Moses Mendelssohn , German philosopher and theologian (b. 1729)[181]
1804 – Charlotte Lennox , English author and poet (b. 1730)[182]
1821 – Elizabeth Ann Seton , American nun and saint (b. 1774)[183]
1825 – Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies (b. 1751)[184]
1863 – Roger Hanson , American general (b. 1827)[185]
1874 – Thomas Gregson , English-Australian lawyer and politician, 2nd Premier of Tasmania (b. 1798)[186]
1877 – Cornelius Vanderbilt , American businessman and philanthropist (b. 1794)[187]
1880 – Anselm Feuerbach , German painter and educator (b. 1829)[188]
1880 – Edward William Cooke , English painter and illustrator (b. 1811)[189]
1882 – John William Draper , English-American physician, chemist, and photographer (b. 1811)[190]
1883 – Antoine Chanzy , French general (b. 1823)[191]
1891 – Antoine Labelle , Canadian priest (b. 1833)[192]
1896 – Joseph Hubert Reinkens , German bishop and academic (b. 1821)[193]
1900 – Stanisław Mieroszewski , Polish-born politician, writer, historian and member of the Imperial Council of Austria (b. 1827)[194]
1901 – Nikolaos Gyzis , Greek painter and academic (b. 1842)
1904 – Anna Winlock , American astronomer and academic (b. 1857)[195]
1910 – Léon Delagrange , French pilot and sculptor (b. 1873)[196]
1912 – Clarence Dutton , American geologist and soldier (b. 1841)[197]
1919 – Georg von Hertling , German academic and politician, 7th Chancellor of the German Empire (b. 1843)[198]
1920 – Benito Pérez Galdós , Spanish author and playwright (b. 1843)[199]
1924 – Alfred Grünfeld , Austrian pianist and composer (b. 1852)[200]
1925 – Nellie Cashman , American nurse, restaurateur, entrepreneur, and gold prospector (b. 1845)[201]
1927 – Süleyman Nazif , Turkish poet and civil servant (b. 1870)[202]
1931 – Art Acord , American actor and stuntman (b. 1890)[203]
1931 – Louise, Princess Royal of the United Kingdom (b. 1867)[204]
1931 – Mohammad Ali Jouhar , Indian journalist, activist, and scholar (b. 1878)
1940 – Flora Finch , English-American actress and producer (b. 1867)
1941 – Henri Bergson , French philosopher and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)[205]
1943 – Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz , Greek-Polish swimmer and water polo player (b. 1911)
1943 – Marina Raskova , Russian pilot and navigator (b. 1912)[206]
1944 – Kaj Munk , Danish playwright and pastor (b. 1898)
1960 – Albert Camus , French novelist, philosopher, and journalist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1913)[207]
1961 – Erwin Schrödinger , Austrian physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)[208]
1962 – Hans Lammers , German jurist and politician (b. 1879)
1965 – T. S. Eliot , American-English poet, playwright, and critic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1888)[209]
1967 – Donald Campbell , English racing driver and world speed record holder (b. 1921)[210]
1969 – Paul Chambers , American bassist and composer (b. 1935)[211]
1975 – Carlo Levi , Italian painter, author, and activist (b. 1902)[212]
1985 – Brian Horrocks , Indian-English general (b. 1895)[213]
1986 – Christopher Isherwood , English-American author and academic (b. 1904)[214]
1986 – Phil Lynott , Irish singer-songwriter, bass player, and producer (b. 1949)[215]
1988 – Lily Laskine , French harp player (b. 1893)[216]
1990 – Harold Eugene Edgerton , American engineer and academic (b. 1903)[217]
1990 – Henry Bolte , Australian sergeant and politician, 38th Premier of Victoria (b. 1908)
1994 – R. D. Burman , Indian film composer and music director (b. 1939)[218]
1995 – Eduardo Mata , Mexican conductor and composer (b. 1942)[219]
1995 – Sol Tax , American anthropologist and academic (b. 1907)[220]
1997 – Harry Helmsley , American businessman (b. 1909)[221]
1998 – Mae Questel , American actress (b. 1908)[222]
1999 – Iron Eyes Cody , American actor and stuntman (b. 1904)[223]
2000 – Spyros Markezinis , Greek lawyer and politician, 170th Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1909)
2000 – Tom Fears , Mexican-American football player and coach (b. 1922)
2001 – Les Brown , American bandleader and composer (b. 1912)[224]
2004 – Brian Gibson , English director and screenwriter (b. 1944)[225]
2004 – Joan Aiken , English author (b. 1924)[226]
2004 – John Toland , American historian and author (b. 1912)[227]
2005 – Bud Poile , Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (b. 1924)[228]
2005 – Frank Harary , American mathematician and academic (b. 1921)[229]
2005 – Humphrey Carpenter , English radio host and author (b. 1946)[230]
2005 – Robert Heilbroner , American economist and historian (b. 1919)[231]
2006 – Irving Layton , Romanian-Canadian poet and academic (b. 1912)[232]
2006 – Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum , Emirati politician, 1st Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (b. 1946)[233]
2006 – Milton Himmelfarb , American sociographer, author, and academic (b. 1918)[234]
2007 – Helen Hill , American director and producer (b. 1970)
2007 – Steve Krantz , American screenwriter and producer (b. 1923)
2007 – Marais Viljoen , South African politician, 5th State President of South Africa (b. 1915)[235]
2008 – Xavier Chamorro Cardenal , Nicaraguan journalist (b. 1932)[236]
2009 – Gert Jonke , Austrian poet, playwright, and author (b. 1946)[237]
2010 – Johan Ferrier , Surinamese educator and politician, 1st President of Suriname (b. 1910)[238]
2010 – Tsutomu Yamaguchi , Japanese engineer (b. 1916)[239]
2011 – Coen Moulijn , Dutch footballer (b. 1937)[240]
2011 – Gerry Rafferty , Scottish singer-songwriter (b. 1947)[241]
2011 – Salmaan Taseer , Pakistani businessman and politician, 26th Governor of Punjab, Pakistan (b. 1944)[242]
2012 – Eve Arnold , American photographer and journalist (b. 1912)[243]
2012 – Rod Robbie , English-Canadian architect, designed the Canadian Pavilion and Rogers Centre (b. 1928)[244]
2013 – Anwar Shamim , Pakistani general (b. 1931)[245]
2013 – Zoran Žižić , Montenegrin politician, 4th Prime Minister of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (b. 1951)[246]
2015 – Pino Daniele , Italian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1955)[247]
2016 – S. H. Kapadia , Indian lawyer, judge, and politician, 38th Chief Justice of India (b. 1947)[248]
2016 – Stephen W. Bosworth , American academic and diplomat, United States Ambassador to South Korea (b. 1939)[249]
2017 – Milt Schmidt , Canadian ice hockey player, coach and general manager (b. 1918)[250]
2017 – Georges Prêtre , French orchestral and opera conductor (b. 1924)[251]
2019 – Harold Brown , 14th United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1927)[252]
2020 – Tom Long , Australian actor (b. 1968)[253]
Holidays and observances
Notes
References
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^ The Cambridge Modern History . CUP Archive. 1907. p. 27 .
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^ "UNPO: On Ogoni Day, UNPO Strongly Condemns Nigerian Government's Non-Commitment to Niger Delta Clean Up" . unpo.org . Retrieved 25 May 2020 .
^ "NJPW Wrestle Kingdom 13 date, card, matches, start time, Tokyo Dome show, location" . CBSSports.com . Retrieved 25 May 2020 .
^ "World Braille Day" . United Nations . Retrieved 25 May 2020 .
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