List of U.S. states and territories by incarceration and correctional supervision rate

This article has lists of U.S. states by adult incarceration and correctional supervision rates according to United States Department of Justice figures. The state incarceration numbers include sentenced and un-sentenced inmates in jails and state prisons, but not persons in federal prisons. They are listed separately. The state numbers also do not include youth held in juvenile detention. There is a separate table of incarceration numbers for U.S. territories.

Imprisonment rate of sentenced prisoners under jurisdiction of state correctional authorities per 100,000 U.S. residents, age 18 or older. Does not include prisoners who have not been convicted or sentenced. Does not include jail inmates whether convicted or not. Does not include federal prisoners.


Incarceration rate by state

U.S. states by incarceration rate under state prison or local jail jurisdiction per 100,000 population. Rates are for year-end 2018. The table below has all 50 states and the District of Columbia.

Note: The table is initially in descending order for rate per 100,000 of all ages.
Note: The columns can be sorted in ascending or descending order. Sort state name column to return to alphabetical order.
Note: There are 2 state incarceration rate columns: One per 100,000 of all ages. And one per 100,000 adults.
Note: Federal prison inmates are not included in state rates.
Row numbers: The row number column on the left does not sort, and remains static.

* indicates "Incarceration in STATE" or "Crime in STATE" links.

Incarceration stats by US territory, and percent female

* indicates "Incarceration in STATE" or "Crime in STATE" links.

Juvenile detention

Juvenile detention totals from the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.

Comparison with other countries

The US incarceration rate peaked in 2008. The US rate was the highest in the world in 2008. Chart is for prisoners per 100,000 population of all ages.
US timeline graphs of number of people incarcerated in jails and prisons.

According to the World Prison Brief the United States currently has the largest prison population in the world, and the highest incarceration rate.

On January 1, 2008 more than 1 in 100 adults in the United States were in prison or jail. Total US incarceration peaked in 2008.

In addition to the overall highest incarceration rate, the United States also has the highest rate of female incarceration. According to a November 2017 report by the World Prison Brief around 212,000 of the 714,000 female prisoners worldwide (women and girls) are incarcerated in the United States. In the United States in 2016, women made up 9.8% of the incarcerated population in adult prisons and jails.

Comparing English-speaking developed countries; the overall incarceration rate in the US is 639 per 100,000 population of all ages (as of 2018), the incarceration rate of Canada is 104 per 100,000 (as of 2018), England and Wales is 130 per 100,000 (as of 2021), and Australia is 160 per 100,000 (as of 2020). Comparing other developed countries, the rate of Spain is 122 per 100,000 (as of 2020), France is 90 per 100,000 (as of 2020), Germany is 69 per 100,000 (as of 2020), Norway is 49 per 100,000 (as of 2020), Netherlands is 63 per 100,000 (as of 2018), and Japan is 38 per 100,000 (as of 2019).

In addition, the United States has striking statistics when observing the racial dimension of mass incarceration. According to Michelle Alexander (in 2010 book), the United States "imprisons a larger percentage of its black population than South Africa did at the height of apartheid."

Correctional supervision rates by state

Chart below has numbers for people in adult facilities, and for people on probation and on parole. The incarceration numbers for the states in the chart below are for sentenced and unsentenced inmates in adult facilities in local jails and state prisons. Numbers for federal prisons are in one of the header lines at the top.

* indicates "Incarceration in STATE" or "Crime in STATE" links.

Male and female incarceration and correctional supervision numbers

In 2015 there were 1,942,500 male and 202,600 female inmates in prisons and jails. That is 10.4% female. See the state, federal, and overall total at the bottom of the table.

* indicates "Incarceration in STATE" or "Crime in STATE" links.

State female incarceration rates compared to countries

Female incarceration rates by country and US state

Female incarceration rates by country and US state. Per 100,000 female population of all ages. Female incarceration rates if every US state were a country. Incarcerated females of all ages (where the data is available). From a 2018 report with latest available data. From the source report: "Figure 1. This graph shows the number of women in state prisons, local jails, and federal prisons from each U.S. state per 100,000 people in that state and the incarceration rate per 100,000 in all countries with at least a half million in total population."

See also



This page was last updated at 2023-11-24 00:14 UTC. Update now. View original page.

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