List of ochotonids
Ochotonidae is a family of small mammals in the order Lagomorpha. A member of this family is called an ochotonid, or colloquially a pika. They are widespread throughout Asia and western North America, and are generally found in grassland, shrubland, and rocky biomes. Pikas are all roughly the same shape and size, with no tails, ranging from the 11 cm (4 in) long Gansu pika to the 29 cm (11 in) long Northern pika. No species have population estimates and many are not yet evaluated for conservation status, though the Helan Shan pika, Hoffmann's pika, Ili pika, and Koslov's pika are considered endangered.
The 34 extant species of Ochotonidae are contained within a single genus, Ochotona, though that genus is sometimes split into four subgenera: Alienauroa; Conothoa, or mountain pikas; Ochotona, or shrub-steppe pikas; and Pika, or northern pikas. Several extinct Ochotonidae species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.
Conventions
IUCN Red List categories | |
---|---|
Conservation status | |
EX | Extinct (0 species) |
EW | Extinct in the wild (0 species) |
CR | Critically Endangered (0 species) |
EN | Endangered (4 species) |
VU | Vulnerable (0 species) |
NT | Near threatened (0 species) |
LC | Least concern (24 species) |
Other categories | |
DD | Data deficient (1 species) |
NE | Not evaluated (5 species) |
Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the bovid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN red list for that species unless otherwise noted. All extinct species or subspecies listed alongside extant species went extinct after 1500 CE, and are indicated by a dagger symbol "".
Classification
The family Ochotonidae consists of 34 extant species in 1 genus which are divided into dozens of extant subspecies. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species.
Ochotonids
The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis.
Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
---|---|---|---|---|
Afghan pika | O. rufescens Gray, 1842 Three subspecies
|
Central Asia |
Size: 15–24 cm (6–9 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and desert Diet: Herbs and shrubs |
LC
|
Alpine pika | O. alpina Pallas, 1773 Four subspecies
|
Northeastern Asia |
Size: 15–26 cm (6–10 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Variety of plants |
LC
|
American pika | O. princeps Richardson, 1828 Five subspecies
|
Western North America |
Size: 15–22 cm (6–9 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Sedges, grass, forbs, and shrubs |
LC
|
Chinese red pika | O. erythrotis Büchner, 1890 |
Central China |
Size: 18–19 cm (7–7 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Variety of plants |
LC
|
Collared pika | O. collaris Nelson, 1893 |
Northwestern North America |
Size: 14–21 cm (6–8 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Variety of plants, as well as bird brains |
LC
|
Daurian pika | O. dauurica Pallas, 1776 Four subspecies
|
Northeastern Asia |
Size: 17–22 cm (7–9 in) long Habitat: Grassland Diet: Shrubs, grass, legumes, and flowers |
LC
|
Flat-headed pika | O. flatcalvariam Liu, Jin et al., 2017 |
Central China | Size: Less than 18 cm (7 in) long Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Variety of plants |
NE
|
Forrest's pika | O. forresti Thomas, 1923 |
Southeastern Asia |
Size: 15–19 cm (6–7 in) long Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Variety of plants |
LC
|
Gansu pika | O. cansus Lyon, 1907 Four subspecies
|
Central China |
Size: 11–17 cm (4–7 in) long Habitat: Shrubland and grassland Diet: Shrubs and other plants |
LC
|
Glover's pika | O. gloveri Thomas, 1922 Three subspecies
|
Central China |
Size: 16–25 cm (6–10 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Forbs, sedge, and grass |
LC
|
Helan Shan pika | O. argentata Howell, 1928 |
Central China |
Size: 20–24 cm (8–9 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Variety of plants |
EN
|
Hoffmann's pika | O. hoffmanni Formozov, Yakhontov, Dmitriev, 1996 |
Northern Mongolia |
Size: 19–21 cm (7–8 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Variety of plants |
EN
|
Ili pika | O. iliensis Li, Ma, 1986 |
Western China |
Size: 20–21 cm (8–8 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Herbs and shrubs |
EN
|
Kazakh pika | O. opaca Argiropulo, 1930 |
Central Asia | Size: 17–22 cm (7–9 in) long Habitat: Grassland and rocky areas Diet: Shrubs, herbs, and grass |
LC
|
Korean pika | O. coreana Allen, Andrews, 1913 |
North Korea and southeastern China | Size: 16–21 cm (6–8 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Herbs, shrubs, forbs, fungi, berries, seeds, and lichen |
DD
|
Koslov's pika | O. koslowi Büchner, 1894 |
Western China |
Size: 22–24 cm (9–9 in) long Habitat: Grassland Diet: Sedges and other plants |
EN
|
Ladak pika | O. ladacensis Günther, 1875 |
Western China and northern India and Pakistan |
Size: 18–25 cm (7–10 in) long Habitat: Grassland Diet: Shrubs, flowers, and roots |
LC
|
Large-eared pika | O. macrotis Günther, 1875 Five subspecies
|
Central Asia and central China |
Size: 15–20 cm (6–8 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Grass, legumes, sedges, herbs, berries, twigs, moss, and lichen |
LC
|
Manchurian pika | O. mantchurica Thomas, 1909 |
Northeastern China | Size: 13–22 cm (5–9 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and rocky areas Diet: Variety of plants |
LC
|
Moupin pika | O. thibetana Milne-Edwards, 1871 Three subspecies
|
Central China |
Size: 14–18 cm (6–7 in) long Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Variety of plants |
LC
|
Northern pika | O. hyperborea Pallas, 1811 Seven subspecies
|
Northeastern Asia |
Size: 13–29 cm (5–11 in) long Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and rocky areas Diet: Herbs, shrubs, forbs, fungi, berries, seeds, and lichen |
LC
|
Nubra pika | O. nubrica Thomas, 1922 Two subspecies
|
South Asia |
Size: 14–19 cm (6–7 in) long Habitat: Shrubland and grassland Diet: Variety of plants |
LC
|
Pallas's pika | O. pallasi Gray, 1867 Four subspecies
|
Central and Eastern Asia |
Size: 19–23 cm (7–9 in) long Habitat: Grassland and rocky areas Diet: Grass and herbs |
LC
|
Plateau pika | O. curzoniae Hodgson, 1858 |
Western China and Northern India |
Size: 16–21 cm (6–8 in) long Habitat: Grassland and desert Diet: Variety of plants |
LC
|
Qionglai pika | O. qionglaiensis Liu, Jin et al., 2017 |
Central China | Size: 14–18 cm (6–7 in) long Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Variety of plants |
NE
|
Royle's pika | O. roylei Ogilby, 1839 Two subspecies
|
Western China and Northern India | Size: 13–21 cm (5–8 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Forbs, as well as other plants |
LC
|
Sacred pika | O. sacraria Thomas, 1923 |
Mount Emei in China | Size: 14–18 cm (6–7 in) long Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Variety of plants |
NE
|
Sikkim pika | O. sikimaria Thomas, 1922 |
Northeastern India | Size: 14–18 cm (6–7 in) long Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Variety of plants |
NE
|
Steppe pika | O. pusilla Pallas, 1769 Two subspecies
|
Central Asia |
Size: 15–21 cm (6–8 in) long Habitat: Shrubland and grassland Diet: Grass and above-ground vegetation |
LC
|
Thomas's pika | O. thomasi Argiropulo, 1948 |
Central China |
Size: 13–16 cm (5–6 in) long Habitat: Shrubland and grassland Diet: Variety of plants |
LC
|
Tsing-ling pika | O. syrinx Matschie, 1908 |
Central China |
Size: 13–18 cm (5–7 in) long Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Variety of plants |
LC
|
Turkestan red pika | O. rutila Sévertsov, 1873 |
Central Asia |
Size: 18–26 cm (7–10 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Grass and other plants |
LC
|
Turuchan pika | O. turuchanensis Naumov, 1934 |
Central Russia |
Size: 15–22 cm (6–9 in) long Habitat: Rocky areas Diet: Variety of plants |
LC
|
Yellow pika | O. huanglongensis Liu, Jin et al., 2017 |
Central China | Size: 14–18 cm (6–7 in) long Habitat: Forest and shrubland Diet: Variety of plants |
NE
|