List of sovereign states in 1978

Sovereign states by year
List of sovereign states in 1977 Events of 1978 List of sovereign states in 1979

Internationally recognized sovereign states

A

B

C

Republic of China → Taiwan

D

E

F

  • Fiji FijiDominion of Fiji, UN member state
    Capital: Suva
  •  FinlandRepublic of Finland, UN member state
    Capital: Helsinki
  •  FranceFrench Republic, UN member state
    Capital: Paris

G

H

I

  •  IcelandRepublic of Iceland, UN member state
    Capital: Reykjavík
  •  IndiaRepublic of India, UN member state
    Capital: New Delhi
  •  IndonesiaRepublic of Indonesia, UN member state
    Capital: Jakarta
  •  IranImperial State of Iran, UN member state
    Capital: Tehran
  •  IraqIraqi Republic, UN member state
    Capital: Baghdad
  •  IrelandUN member state
    Capital: Dublin
  •  IsraelState of Israel, UN member state (was not recognized by 21 UN member states)
    Capital: Jerusalem
  •  ItalyItalian Republic, UN member state
    Capital: Rome
  •  Ivory CoastRepublic of Ivory Coast, UN member state
    Capital: Abidjan

J

  •  JamaicaCommonwealth of Jamaica, UN member state
    Capital: Kingston
  •  JapanUN member state
    Capital: Tokyo
  •  JordanHashemite Kingdom of Jordan, UN member state
    Capital: Amman

K

  • Cambodia KampucheaDemocratic Kampuchea
    Capital: Phnom Penh
  •  KazakhstanKazakh Soviet Socialist Republic (republic within the Soviet Union)
    Capital: Alma-Ata
  •  KenyaRepublic of Kenya, UN member state
    Capital: Nairobi
  • North Korea North KoreaDemocratic People's Republic of Korea, permanent observer at UN (was not recognized by 4 UN member states)
    Capital: Pyongyang
  • South Korea South KoreaRepublic of Korea, permanent observer at UN (was not recognized by 3 UN member states at greatest extent)
    Capital: Seoul
  •  KuwaitState of Kuwait, UN member state
    Capital: Kuwait City

L

  •  LaosLao People's Democratic Republic, UN member state
    Capital: Vientiane
  •  LebanonLebanese Republic, UN member state
    Capital: Beirut
  •  LesothoKingdom of Lesotho, UN member state
    Capital: Maseru
  •  LiberiaRepublic of Liberia, UN member state
    Capital: Monrovia
  • LibyaSocialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, UN member state
    Capital: Tripoli
  •  LiechtensteinPrincipality of Liechtenstein, UN member state
    Capital: Vaduz
  •  LuxembourgGrand Duchy of Luxembourg, UN member state
    Capital: Luxembourg

M

N

O

P

Q

  • QatarState of Qatar, UN member state
    Capital: Doha

R

S

T

U

V

W

  •  Western SamoaIndependent State of Western Samoa, UN member state
    Capital: Apia

Y

Z

  • Zaire ZaireRepublic of Zaire, UN member state
    Capital: Kinshasa
  • ZambiaRepublic of Zambia, UN member state
    Capital: Lusaka

Non-sovereign territories

Australia

Condominiums

Denmark

France

International

  • Berlin West Berlin (Occupied territory governed by France, the United Kingdom, and the United States)

League of Nations Mandates

Netherlands

New Zealand

  • Cook Islands (Self-governing state in free association with New Zealand)
  •  Niue (Self-governing state in free association with New Zealand)
  • New Zealand Ross Dependency (Uninhabited dependent territory)[9]
  • New Zealand Tokelau (Dependent territory)

Norway

Portugal

  • Portugal Macau (Chinese territory under Portuguese administration)

United Kingdom

United Nations Trust Territories

United States

Other entities

Excluded from the list above are the following noteworthy entities which either were not fully sovereign or did not claim to be independent:

  • Antarctica as a whole had no government and no permanent population. Seven states claimed portions of Antarctica and five of these had reciprocally recognised one another's claims.[10] These claims, which were regulated by the Antarctic Treaty System, were neither recognised nor disputed by any other signatory state.[11]
  •  East Timor was invaded by Indonesia in 1975 and forcibly annexed into it in 1976, but this was not recognized by the United Nations.
  •  Estonia was incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1940, but the legality of the annexation was not widely recognized. The Baltic diplomatic services in the West continued to be recognized as representing the de jure state.
  •  Latvia was incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1940, but the legality of the annexation was not widely recognized. The Baltic diplomatic services in the West continued to be recognized as representing the de jure state.
  •  Lithuania was incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1940, but the legality of the annexation was not widely recognized. The Baltic diplomatic services in the West continued to be recognized as representing the de jure state.
  • The Saudi Arabian–Iraqi neutral zone was a strip of neutral territory between Iraq and Saudi Arabia.
  • Sovereign Military Order of Malta The Sovereign Military Order of Malta was an entity claiming sovereignty. The order had bi-lateral diplomatic relations with a large number of states, but had no territory other than extraterritorial areas within Rome.[12] The order's Constitution stated: "The Order is a subject of international law and exercises sovereign functions." [13] Although the order frequently asserted its sovereignty, it did not claim to be a sovereign state. It lacked a defined territory. Since all its members were citizens of other states, almost all of them lived in their native countries, and those who resided in the order's extraterritorial properties in Rome did so only in connection with their official duties, the order lacked the characteristic of having a permanent population.
  • Berlin West Berlin was a political enclave that was closely aligned with – but not actually a part of – West Germany. It consisted of three occupied sectors administered by the United States, the United Kingdom, and France.

References

  1. ^ The name "Argentine Nation" was also used for the purposes of legislation.
  2. ^ The Comoros became independent from France on 6 Jul 1975
  3. ^ a b The Comoros enacted a new constitution on 1 Oct 1978
  4. ^ Dominica gained independence from the United Kingdom on 3 November 1978
  5. ^ Rwanda's official French name was "République rwandaise". "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-22. Retrieved 2006-08-27.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) [1]. It could be translated into English as "Rwandese Republic" s:CIA World Fact Book, 2004/Rwanda, "Rwandan Republic" [2], or "Republic of Rwanda" [3].
  6. ^ The Solomon Islands gained independence from the United Kingdom on 7 July 1978. [4]
  7. ^ a b Spain enacted a new constitution on 29 Dec 1978
  8. ^ a b A new Constitution of Sri Lanka came into effect on 7 Sep 1978
  9. ^ a b c d e f Including an Antarctic claim, neither recognized nor disputed under the terms of the Antarctic Treaty System.
  10. ^ Rogan-Finnemore, Michelle (2005), "What Bioprospecting Means for Antarctica and the Southern Ocean", in Von Tigerstrom, Barbara (ed.), International Law Issues in the South Pacific, Ashgate Publishing, p. 204, ISBN 0-7546-4419-7 "Australia, New Zealand, France, Norway and the United Kingdom reciprocally recognize the validity of each other's claims."
  11. ^ CIA – The World Factbook – "Antarctica" – accessed 19 January 2008
  12. ^ Bilateral relations with countries Archived 2008-06-26 at the Wayback Machine, Retrieved 2009-12-22
  13. ^ Chapter General of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta (1998-01-12). Constitutional Charter and Code of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes, and of Malta, promulgated 27 June 1961, revised by the Extraordinary Chapter General 28–30 April 1997, Article 3 "Sovereignty," Paragraph 1 (PDF). Rome: Tipografia Arte della Stampa. p. 11.

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