Military history of Korea

Korea's military history spans thousands of years, beginning with the ancient nation of Gojoseon and continuing into the present day with the countries of North Korea and South Korea, and is notable for its many successful triumphs over invaders.

Throughout its history, Korea has boasted numerous exceptional leaders who gained outstanding victories against numerically superior enemies. Famed leaders credited with defending Korea against foreign invasions include: Eulji Mundeok of Goguryeo, who defeated Sui China during the Goguryeo–Sui War; Yeon Gaesomun of Goguryeo, who defeated Emperor Taizong of Tang China during the Goguryeo–Tang War; Gang Gam-chan of Goryeo, who defeated the Khitan Empire during the Goryeo-Khitan War; Choe Yeong and Yi Seong-gye of Goryeo, who defeated the Red Turbans during the Red Turban Invasions; and Yi Sun-shin of Joseon, who defeated the Japanese at sea during the Imjin War.

Other notable leaders include: Gwanggaeto the Great of Goguryeo, who created a great empire in Northeast Asia through conquest, and subjugated the other Korean kingdoms of Baekje, Silla and Gaya to bring about a brief unification of the Three Kingdoms of Korea; Geunchogo of Baekje, who captured Pyongyang and established overseas territories to control much of the Korean peninsula and dominate the seas; Munmu and Kim Yu-sin of Silla, who united the Three Kingdoms of Korea and defeated Tang China to gain complete control of the Korean peninsula; Dae Jo-yeong, who created Balhae from Goguryeo's ashes and reconquered Goguryeo lands lost during the Goguryeo-Tang War; Jang Bogo of Later Silla, who created a maritime empire and commanded a powerful fleet; Wang Geon, who united the Later Three Kingdoms of Korea and established Goryeo as the successor to Goguryeo; and Yun Gwan of Goryeo, who defeated the Jurchens and constructed nine fortresses in Manchuria.

Today, both North Korea and South Korea field some of the largest and most lethal armies in the world. On one hand, North Korea is widely suspected of having nuclear weapons, as well as other weapons of mass destruction. South Korea, for its part, is equipped with a sophisticated conventional military with state-of-the-art weapons. In addition, South Korean troops actively participated in the Vietnam War, contributing the second largest foreign military contingent after the United States, and are currently serving in various UN peacekeeping missions around the world. The South Korean military enjoys military alliances with other countries, particularly the United States.

Timeline

Gojoseon

Buyeo

Proto–Three Kingdoms of Korea

Goguryeo

Baekje

  • Malgal Conquest
  • Conquest of Mahan by Baekje

Silla

Gaya

Three Kingdoms Period

Goguryeo campaigns

Goguryeo, Baekje–Silla Alliance War

  • Campaign of Jangsu of Goguryeo against Silla and Baekje
  • Invasion of Baekje–Silla alliance – 475
  • Campaign of Baekje–Silla–Gaya armies against Goguryeo
  • Battle of Gwansan – 554
  • Gaya confederacy Annexation – 532/562

Other conflicts

  • The Baekje Conquest of Tamna – 498
  • The Silla Conquest of Usan – 512

Goguryeo–Sui War (598–614)

Goguryeo–Tang War (645–668)

Including Goguryeo and Baekje alliance against Tang and Silla

Baekje–Tang War (660–663)

Silla–Tang War (668–676)

  • Other rebellions from Baekje and Goguryeo people
  • Battle of Maeso fortress

North South States Period

Balhae

  • Battle of Tianmenling – War of Foundation – 698
  • Balhae expedition to Dengzhou – 732
  • Balhae-Silla Conflicts
  • Conquest of Balhae by Khitan – 926

Silla (676–935)

Goryeo Dynasty

Goryeo wars

Internal strife

  • Yi Ja-gyeom Rebellion
  • Myo Cheong Rebellion
  • Military Coup of 1170
  • Kim Bodang Rebellion
  • Jo Wichong Rebellion
  • Mangi and Mangsoi Rebellion
  • Kim Sami and Hyosim Rebellion
  • Slave rebellion by Manjeok
  • Wihwado Retreat

Joseon Dynasty

Conflicts

Nationwide Internal strifes

Korean Empire

Conflicts

1910–1945: Colonial period

After 1945

See also


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