Rajasthani languages

Rājasthānī
EthnicityRajasthanis
Geographic
distribution
Rajasthan, Malwa (MP), Punjab, Haryana
Native speakers
16 million (2011 census)
Linguistic classificationIndo-European
Early form
ISO 639-2 / 5raj
ISO 639-3raj
Glottolograja1256
Geographical distribution of Rajasthani languages

Rajasthani languages are a group of Indo-Aryan languages and dialects spoken primarily in the state of Rajasthan and adjacent areas of Haryana, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh in India. There are also speakers in the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Sindh. Rajasthani is also spoken to a lesser extent in Nepal where it is spoken by 25,394 people according to the 2011 Census of Nepal.

The term Rajasthani is also used to refer to a literary language mostly based on Marwari.: 441 

Geographical distribution

Most of the Rajasthani languages are chiefly spoken in the state of Rajasthan but are also spoken in Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Haryana and Punjab. Rajasthani languages are also spoken in the Bahawalpur and Multan sectors of the Pakistani provinces of Punjab and Tharparkar district of Sindh. It merges with Riasti and Saraiki in Bahawalpur and Multan areas, respectively. Many linguists (Shackle, 1976 and Gusain, 2000) agree that it shares many phonological (implosives), morphological (future tense marker and negation) and syntactic features with Riasti and Saraiki. A distribution of the geographical area can be found in 'Linguistic Survey of India' by George A. Grierson.

Rajasthani language speakers in India

Speakers

Standard Rajasthani or Standard Marwari, a version of Rajasthani, the common lingua franca of Rajasthani people and is spoken by over 25 million people (2011) in different parts of Rajasthan. It has to be taken into consideration, however, that some speakers of Standard Marwari are conflated with Hindi speakers in the census. Marwari, the most spoken Rajasthani language with approximately 8 million speakers situated in the historic Marwar region of western Rajasthan. Total number of people speaking Rajasthani or its various sub languages and dialects and verities are around 60 Million which are mainly living in Rajasthan and its neighbouring states.

Classification

The Rajasthani languages belong to the Western Indo-Aryan language family. However, they are controversially conflated with the Hindi languages of the Central-Zone in the Indian national census, among other places[citation needed]. The main Rajasthani subgroups are:

Languages and dialects

Language ISO 639-3 Scripts No. of speakers[citation needed] Geographical distribution
Rajasthani raj Devanagari; previously Mandya;

Mahajani

25,810,000 Western and Northern part of Rajasthan
Marwari mwr Devanagari 7,832,000 Marwar region of Western Rajasthan
Malvi mup Devanagari 5,213,000 Malva region of Madhya Pradesh radesh and Rajasthan
Mewari mtr Devanagari 4,212,000 Mewar region of Rajasthan
Wagdi wbr Devanagari 3,394,000 Dungarpur and Banswara districts of Southern Rajasthan
Lambadi lmn 3,277,000 Banjaras of Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh
Hadauti hoj Devanagari 2,944,000 Hadoti region of southeastern Rajasthan
Nimadi noe Devanagari 2,309,000 Nimar region of west-central India within the state of Madhya Pradesh
Bagri bgq Devanagari, 1,657,000 Bagar region of Rajasthan, Punjab & Haryana.

In Rajasthan: Nohar-Bhadra, Anupgarh district, Hanumangarh district, Northern & Dungargarh tehsils of Bikaner district and Sri Ganganagar district; Taranagar, Rajgarh, Sardarshahar, Ratangarh, Bhanipura tehsils of Churu district,

In Haryana: Sirsa district, Fatehabad district, Hisar district, Bhiwani district, Charkhi-dadri district,

In Punjab: Fazilka district & Southern Muktsar district.

Ahirani ahr Devanagari 1,636,000 Khandesh region of north-west Maharashtra and also in Gujarat
Dhundhari dhd Devanagari 1,476,000 Dhundhar region of northeastern Rajasthan Jaipur, Sawai Madhopur, Dausa, Tonk and some parts of Sikar and karauli district
Gujari gju Takri, Pasto-Arabic, Devanagari 1,228,000 Northern parts of India and Pakistan as well as in Afghanistan
Dhatki mki Devanagri, Mahajani, Arabic 210,000 Pakistan and India (Jaisalmer and Barmer districts of Rajasthan and Tharparkar and Umerkot districts of Sindh)
Shekhawati swv Devanagari 3,000,000 the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan which comprises the southern Churu, Jhunjhunu, Neem-Ka-Thana and Sikar districts.
Godwari gdx Devanagari, Gujarati 3,000,000 Pali and Sirohi districts of Rajasthan and Banaskantha district of Gujarat.
Bhoyari/Pawari Devanagari 15,000-20,000 Betul, Chhindwara, Pandhurna and Wardha districts.

It is exclusively spoken by the Pawar Rajputs (Bhoyars) who have migrated from Rajasthan and Malwa to Satpura and Vidarbha regions.

Sahariya Devanagari

See also


This page was last updated at 2024-03-26 08:44 UTC. Update now. View original page.

All our content comes from Wikipedia and under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.


Top

If mathematical, chemical, physical and other formulas are not displayed correctly on this page, please useFirefox or Safari