Southern Federal District

Southern Federal District
Южный федеральный округ
Location of the Southern Federal District. Crimea, whose annexation by Russia from Ukraine is mostly unrecognized internationally, shown in orange.
Location of the Southern Federal District. Crimea, whose annexation by Russia from Ukraine is mostly unrecognized internationally, shown in orange.
Coordinates: 47°14′N 39°43′E / 47.233°N 39.717°E / 47.233; 39.717
Country Russia
Established18 May 2000
Administrative centreRostov-on-Don
Government
 • Presidential EnvoyVladimir Ustinov
Area
 • Total447,900 km2 (172,900 sq mi)
 • Rank7th
Population
 • Total16,319,253
 • Rank4th
 • Density33.1/km2 (86/sq mi)
 • Urban62.4%
 • Rural37.6%
GDP
 • Total7.952 trillion
US$108 billion (2021)
 • Per capita₽483,150
US$6,555 (2021)
Federal constituent entity6 contained
Economic regions1 contained
HDI (2021)0.799
high · 6th
Websiteufo.gov.ru
Map
Southern Federal District is located in European Russia
Southern Federal District
Southern Federal District
Southern Federal District in Russia

The Southern Federal District (Russian: Ю́жный федера́льный о́круг, tr. Yuzhny federalny okrug, IPA: [ˈjuʐnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk]) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia. Its territory lies mostly on the Pontic–Caspian steppe of Southern Russia. The Southern Federal District shares borders with Ukraine, the Azov Sea, and the Black Sea in the west, and Kazakhstan and the Caspian Sea in the east.

History

The Southern Federal District was originally called the North Caucasian Federal District when it was founded in May 2000, but was renamed for political reasons on 21 June 2000. On 19 January 2010, the Southern Federal District was split in two, with its former southern territories forming a new North Caucasian Federal District.

On 28 July 2016, Crimean Federal District (which contains the Republic of Crimea and the Federal city of Sevastopol) was abolished and merged into Southern Federal District in order to "improve the governance". Crimean Federal District was established on 21 March 2014 after the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation. The federal district includes both the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol, both recognized as part of Ukraine by most of the international community. Ukraine considers the area, along with the areas of Luhansk People's Republic, the Donetsk People's Republic, Kherson Oblast and Zaporizhzhia Oblast, as temporarily occupied territories. Its population was 13,854,334 (62.4% urban) according to the 2010 Census, living in an area of 420,900 square kilometers (162,500 sq mi).

Demographics

Population pyramid of the Southern Federal District at the 2021 Russian Census

Federal constituent entities

An official government translation of the constitution of Russia from Russian to English uses the term "constituent entities of the Russian Federation". For example, Article 5 reads: "The Russian Federation shall consist of republics, krays, oblasts, cities of federal significance, an autonomous oblast and autonomous okrugs, which shall have equal rights as constituent entities of the Russian Federation." A translation provided by Garant-Internet instead uses the term "subjects of the Russian Federation".

Tom Fennell, a translator, told the 2008 American Translators Association conference that "constituent entity of the Russian Federation" is a better translation than "subject". This was supported by Tamara Nekrasova, Head of Translation Department at Goltsblat BLP, saying in a 2011 presentation at a translators conference that "constituent entity of the Russian Federation is more appropriate than subject of the Russian Federation (subject would be OK for a monarchy)".

# Flag Coat of Arms Constituent entities Area in km2 Population Capital/administrative center Map of Administrative Division
1 Republic of Adygea 7,800 496,934 Maykop
2 Astrakhan Oblast 49,000 960,142 Astrakhan
3 Republic of Kalmykia 74,700 267,133 Elista
4 Krasnodar Krai 75,500 5,838,273 Krasnodar
5 Rostov Oblast 101,000 4,200,729 Rostov-on-Don
6 Volgograd Oblast 112,900 2,500,781 Volgograd
Disputed territories
A Republic of Crimea 26,100 1,934,630 Simferopol
- Donetsk People's Republic 26,517 4,100,280 Donetsk
- Kherson Oblast 28,461 1,016,707 Henichesk
- Lugansk People's Republic 26,684 2,121,322 Lugansk
B City of Sevastopol 900 547,820 Sevastopol
- Zaporozhye Oblast 27,183 1,638,462 Melitopol
  1. ^ a b Annexed by Russia in 2014; recognized internationally as a part of Ukraine.
  2. ^ a b c d Annexed by Russia in 2022; recognized internationally as a part of Ukraine.

Ethnic groups

Ethnic composition, according to the 2010 census: Total - 13 854 334 people.

Life expectancy

Life expectancy at birth in the Southern Federal District, 1990–2021

Presidential plenipotentiary envoys

  1. Viktor Kazantsev (18 May 2000 – 9 March 2004)
  2. Vladimir Yakovlev (9 March 2004 – 13 September 2004)
  3. Dmitry Kozak (13 September 2004 – 24 September 2007)
  4. Grigory Rapota (24 September 2007 – 14 May 2008)
  5. Vladimir Ustinov (14 May 2008 – present)


Federal districts of Russia
North Caucasian | Central | Southern | Northwestern | Far Eastern | Siberian | Urals | Privolzhsky (Volga)

This page was last updated at 2024-03-25 01:44 UTC. Update now. View original page.

All our content comes from Wikipedia and under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.


Top

If mathematical, chemical, physical and other formulas are not displayed correctly on this page, please useFirefox or Safari